What’s the Difference Between Open and Closed Protocol Fire Alarm Systems?

Choosing the right fire alarm system for your business can feel like a big decision. There’s a whole range of system types, equipment manufacturers and technology out there, so it can be hard to know where to start.

In this article, we’ll help you answer one of the most important questions you’ll come across: do you need an open or closed protocol system?

At Midland Fire, we are able to work on open protocol systems, as well as closed protocol systems from certain manufacturers such as Gent. Read on to find out the differences between the two types of systems, and the advantages and disadvantages of both, based on our experience. The best choice for you will depend on your business and premises, so get in touch and we’d be happy to give you more bespoke advice.

What is a Protocol?

Put simply, a fire alarm system consists of different components that need to “talk” to each other for the system to work. These components include the central control panel, detectors, sounders and call points, and the language they use to communicate is called the protocol. Each device within a system needs to use the same protocol in order to communicate effectively with the control panel.

While there are many different protocols in use, there are two main types of protocol: open and closed. An open protocol system can include devices manufactured by different companies, as long as they’re compatible, and any qualified contractor is able to work on the system. A closed protocol system, in contrast, is essentially locked down, so the panel and devices have to be supplied by the same manufacturer and must be worked on by specialist engineers.

Now, let’s explore the two in more detail.

The Advantages of an Open Protocol Fire Alarm System

Higher flexibility – You’re not tied to one manufacturer for your choice of devices, and you can choose any fire alarm company for installation and servicing.
Competitive pricing – Multiple vendors can bid, helping reduce costs and giving you more options.
Simple to upgrade – New devices can be integrated without replacing the full system.
Easy to future proof – If certain products in your system are discontinued, alternatives are usually available.
System customisation – It’s easier to mix and match components to suit your specific building needs.

On the other hand, the disadvantages of choosing an open protocol system include:

Compatibility challenges – Mixing components from different manufacturers can sometimes lead to integration issues.
Unreliable contractors – Easy access to software can lead to untrained engineers working on your system.
More complex maintenance – Multiple vendors can make servicing less straightforward.

The Advantages of a Closed Protocol Fire Alarm System

Guaranteed compatibility – All components are specifically designed to work seamlessly together.
Simplified maintenance – One manufacturer will handle everything from servicing to support and troubleshooting.
High reliability – Unified design reduces the risk of communication issues.
Tamper proof – Proprietary protocols can limit unauthorised access.
Streamlined compliance – Systems are often pre-tested to meet regulations more easily, and the company working on the system will be approved with competent understanding of legislation.

The disadvantages of choosing a closed protocol system include:

Vendor lock-in – You’re tied to a single manufacturer for parts, upgrades and servicing.
Higher costs – Limited competition can lead to higher prices for equipment and maintenance.
Less flexibility – Expanding or upgrading the system means using the same supplier’s products.

Navigating Legal Requirements and British Standards

While you should choose the system that works best for your company, it’s important to know that both open and closed protocol fire alarm systems meet UK legal requirements when correctly specified, installed and maintained in line with BS 5839 and UK fire safety regulations.

Under UK law, businesses must have an appropriate fire alarm system in place, and then keep all their fire safety equipment correctly maintained. Following an FRA, the company’s “Responsible Person” must keep records of testing and maintenance, make sure that staff are fully trained and that a proper fire safety and evacuation strategy is in place.

Choosing a BAFE-accredited fire safety company like Midland Fire is the first step in deciding which fire alarm system is right for you and ensuring your business is fully compliant.

Why Choose Midland Fire As Your Fire Alarm Company?

Whether you need a new fire alarm system or you’re looking to upgrade your existing system, we’re here to help.

We are a BAFE-accredited fire safety contractor specialised in fire safety and security systems, and we’re able to work on both open and closed protocol systems. Our friendly team of qualified fire alarm engineers is experienced in working with companies of all shapes and sizes, offering bespoke system design, installation and maintenance. Explore our full range of services here.

25 years of experience
We’ve been protecting people and businesses since 1999.

Expert engineers
Each of our 30 engineers is a time served electrician and a fully qualified fire alarm engineer.

Full support from start to finish
We’ll effectively manage each stage of your project from consultation and design to installation, certification and maintenance.

Quality products
Midland Fire only supplies products from reputable brands that we know will future proof your business.

Protect your business, employees and property by hiring a professional fire alarm company. Contact Midland Fire today for expert fire protection services, compliance support and a free consultation.

Your Burning Questions Answered

Can I switch from a closed to an open protocol system?
Yes, this is doable. Usually, this requires a control panel upgrade and substantial system upheaval, but we can often retain the existing wiring to save costs. Get in touch for more information and we’ll arrange a site consultation.

Are closed protocol systems safer and more secure?
No, modern open protocol systems are just as robust as closed protocol and meet the same stringent UK safety certifications. When designed, installed and maintained correctly, both systems comply with fire safety legislation.

How do I know which protocol I have?
You can find out by looking at your maintenance contract or the branding on your sensors. On a site visit, our team can also identify which system you have, so contact us if you need any help.